Nihongo Online School

Japanese online school

Tips for More Effective Studying

Nihongo Online School > Tips for More Effective Studying > Learn JLPT N4 adjectives: List & tips to crush the exam 

Learn JLPT N4 adjectives: List & tips to crush the exam 

2025/09/27

Director: Kotaro Muramoto
Principal of Nihongo Online School
In September 2019, he founded "Nihongo Online School". Since then, has been teaching Japanese online lessons, with a total of over 1,000 students.
He has designed an individualized curriculum based on student’s needs and study goal. And is conscious of making the classes speech-centered in order to improve students’ speaking skills.
The school asks students to submit homework assignments worth 2 hours per lesson to improve faster. By supporting students with these features, students are able to efficiently improve Japanese language skills.

Learning JLPT N4 adjectives includes understanding whether adjectives end in -i or -na, memorizing their meanings, and knowing how to use them correctly in context.

This guide covers a complete JLPT N4 adjectives list with examples and some tips to help you in your  JLPT adjective N4 practice routines.

How much vocabulary do you need to know for JLPT N4?

To pass the JLPT N4 exam, you need to know approximately 1,500 vocabulary words. This represents a significant step up from the 800 words required for JLPT N5. 
These words primarily include nouns, verbs, and adjectives as the core vocabulary, and pronouns, suffixes, adverbs and common expressions for natural communication. Combined with JLPT N5 vocabulary, you’ll have around 2,300 total words for intermediate Japanese proficiency.

How many adjectives do you need to know for JLPT N4?

There is no official adjective list from JLPT organizations, but most educational sources agree on approximately 45 new adjectives to know for the JLPT N4 exam.

However, this list can expand to over 130 adjectives when you include all the terms that appear in real JLPT N4 tests, textbooks, and study materials.

How advanced are JLPT N4 adjectives?

JLPT N4 adjectives represent intermediate beginner level vocabulary. The majority are concrete descriptors for colors, sizes, temperatures, textures, and basic emotional states. 

However, N4 significantly expands into abstract territory with adjectives describing character traits, work attitudes, social appropriateness, and complex emotional states.

Do all JLPT N4 Japanese adjectives end in -i or -na?

Almost all JLPT N4 adjectives follow the standard -i or -na pattern. The vast majority of N4 adjectives conform to these two main categories, with only a few exceptions.

While Japanese grammar technically includes some archaic forms, for JLPT N4 purposes, you can safely assume adjectives will be either i-adjectives or na-adjectives. This consistency makes learning adjective patterns much more manageable as you progress from basic N5 na-adjectives to the expanded JLPT N4 adjectives.

JLPT N4 adjectives list you need to remember

I-Adjectives

KanjiFuriganaRomajiEnglishExample
青いあおいaoiblue青い空(あおいそら)- blue sky
赤いあかいakaired赤い花(あかいはな)- red flower
明るいあかるいakaruibright, cheerful明るい部屋(あかるいへや)- bright room
甘いあまいamaisweet甘いケーキ(あまいケーキ)- sweet cake
浅いあさいasaishallow浅い川(あさいかわ)- shallow river
厚いあついatsuithick厚い本(あついほん)- thick book
暑いあついatsuihot (weather)暑い日(あついひ)- hot day
温かいあたたかいatatakaiwarm温かいお茶(あたたかいおちゃ)- warm tea
危ないあぶないabunaidangerous危ない道(あぶないみち)- dangerous road
新しいあたらしいatarashiinew新しい車(あたらしいくるま)- new car
悪いわるいwaruibad悪い天気(わるいてんき)- bad weather
忙しいいそがしいisogashiibusy忙しい日(いそがしいひ)- busy day
痛いいたいitaipainful痛い頭(いたいあたま)- painful head
美しいうつくしいutsukushiibeautiful美しい景色(うつくしいけしき)- beautiful scenery
うまいumaitasty, skillfulうまい料理(うまいりょうり)- tasty food
嬉しいうれしいureshiihappy嬉しいニュース(うれしいニュース)- happy news
うるさいurusainoisyうるさい音(うるさいおと)- noisy sound
薄いうすいusuithin, weak薄い紙(うすいかみ)- thin paper
大きいおおきいookiibig大きい家(おおきいいえ)- big house
多いおおいooimany, much多い宿題(おおいしゅくだい)- a lot of homework
美味しいおいしいoishiidelicious美味しい食べ物(おいしいたべもの)- delicious food
面白いおもしろいomoshiroiinteresting, fun面白い映画(おもしろいえいが)- interesting movie
重いおもいomoiheavy重い荷物(おもいにもつ)- heavy luggage
遅いおそいosoislow, late遅い電車(おそいでんしゃ)- late train
可笑しいおかしいokashiistrange, funny可笑しい話(おかしいはなし)- funny story
辛いからいkaraispicy, hot辛い料理(からいりょうり)- spicy food
軽いかるいkaruilight軽い鞄(かるいかばん)- light bag
可愛いかわいいkawaiicute可愛い猫(かわいいねこ)- cute cat
硬いかたいkataihard硬いパン(かたいパン)- hard bread
かっこいいkakkoiicool, good lookingかっこいい人(かっこいいひと)- cool person
悲しいかなしいkanashiisad悲しい映画(かなしいえいが)- sad movie
黄色いきいろいkiiroiyellow黄色い花(きいろいはな)- yellow flower
厳しいきびしいkibishiistrict, severe厳しい先生(きびしいせんせい)- strict teacher
汚いきたないkitanaidirty汚い服(きたないふく)- dirty clothes
黒いくろいkuroiblack黒い猫(くろいねこ)- black cat
暗いくらいkuraidark暗い部屋(くらいへや)- dark room
詳しいくわしいkuwashiidetailed詳しい説明(くわしいせつめい)- detailed explanation
細かいこまかいkomakaismall, fine, detailed細かいお金(こまかいおかね)- small change
怖いこわいkowaiscary怖い映画(こわいえいが)- scary movie
寒いさむいsamuicold寒い冬(さむいふゆ)- cold winter
寂しいさびしいsabishiilonely寂しい夜(さびしいよる)- lonely night
涼しいすずしいsuzushiicool涼しい風(すずしいかぜ)- cool wind
少ないすくないsukunaifew, little少ないお金(すくないおかね)- little money
凄いすごいsugoiamazing, great凄い技術(すごいぎじゅつ)- amazing technology
素晴らしいすばらしいsubarashiiwonderful素晴らしい景色(すばらしいけしき)- wonderful scenery
狭いせまいsemainarrow狭い道(せまいみち)- narrow road
正しいただしいtadashiicorrect正しい答え(ただしいこたえ)- correct answer
高いたかいtakaiexpensive, high, tall高い建物(たかいたてもの)- tall building
楽しいたのしいtanoshiifun, enjoyable楽しいパーティー(たのしいパーティー)- fun party
茶色いちゃいろいchairoibrown茶色い犬(ちゃいろいいぬ)- brown dog
小さいちいさいchiisaismall小さい子供(ちいさいこども)- small child
近いちかいchikainear, close近い駅(ちかいえき)- nearby station
冷たいつめたいtsumetaicold (object)冷たい水(つめたいみず)- cold water
つまらないtsumaranaiboringつまらない本(つまらないほん)- boring book
強いつよいtsuyoistrong強い人(つよいひと)- strong person
遠いとおいtooifar遠い国(とおいくに)- distant country
長いながいnagailong長い道(ながいみち)- long road
眠いねむいnemuisleepy眠い時間(ねむいじかん)- sleepy time
苦いにがいnigaibitter苦い薬(にがいくすり)- bitter medicine
ぬるいnuruilukewarmぬるいお茶(ぬるいおちゃ)- lukewarm tea
早いはやいhayaiearly, fast早い電車(はやいでんしゃ)- early train
恥ずかしいはずかしいhazukashiiembarrassed恥ずかしい話(はずかしいはなし)- embarrassing story
低いひくいhikuilow低い声(ひくいこえ)- low voice
酷いひどいhidoiterrible, awful酷い天気(ひどいてんき)- terrible weather
広いひろいhiroiwide, spacious広い公園(ひろいこうえん)- spacious park
太いふといfutoithick太い木(ふといき)- thick tree
古いふるいfuruiold古い家(ふるいいえ)- old house
深いふかいfukaideep深い海(ふかいうみ)- deep sea
細いほそいhosoithin細い道(ほそいみち)- thin road
欲しいほしいhoshiiwant欲しい物(ほしいもの)- thing I want
不味いまずいmazuibad-tasting不味い料理(まずいりょうり)- bad-tasting food
丸いまるいmaruiround丸いボール(まるいボール)- round ball
珍しいめずらしいmezurashiirare, unusual珍しい動物(めずらしいどうぶつ)- rare animal
難しいむずかしいmuzukashiidifficult難しい問題(むずかしいもんだい)- difficult problem
安いやすいyasuicheap安い服(やすいふく)- cheap clothes
易しいやさしいyasashiieasy易しい問題(やさしいもんだい)- easy problem
優しいやさしいyasashiikind優しい人(やさしいひと)- kind person
柔らかいやわらかいyawarakaisoft柔らかい布団(やわらかいふとん)- soft futon
弱いよわいyowaiweak弱い風(よわいかぜ)- weak wind
よろしいyoroshiigood (polite)よろしい返事(よろしいへんじ)- good reply
若いわかいwakaiyoung若い人(わかいひと)- young person
白いしろいshiroiwhite白い雪(しろいゆき)- white snow
短いみじかいmijikaishort短い時間(みじかいじかん)- short time

Na-Adjectives

KanjiFuriganaRomajiEnglishExample
安心あんしんanshinpeace of mind安心な場所(あんしんなばしょ)- safe place
安全あんぜんanzensafe安全な道(あんぜんなみち)- safe road
大事だいじdaijiimportant大事な会議(だいじなかいぎ)- important meeting
不便ふべんfubeninconvenient不便な場所(ふべんなばしょ)- inconvenient place
複雑ふくざつfukuzatsucomplex複雑な問題(ふくざつなもんだい)- complex problem
反対はんたいhantaiopposition反対な意見(はんたいないけん)- opposing opinion
へんhenstrange変な音(へんなおと)- strange sound
久しぶりひさしぶりhisashiburilong time久しぶりな再会(ひさしぶりなさいかい)- reunion after a long time
いっぱいippaifullいっぱいなコップ(いっぱいなコップ)- full cup
一生懸命いっしょうけんめいisshoukenmeivery hard一生懸命な学生(いっしょうけんめいながくせい)- hardworking student
自由じゆうjiyuufree自由な時間(じゆうなじかん)- free time
十分じゅうぶんjuubunenough十分な時間(じゅうぶんなじかん)- enough time
簡単かんたんkantansimple, easy簡単な問題(かんたんなもんだい)- simple problem
危険きけんkikendangerous危険な場所(きけんなばしょ)- dangerous place
無理むりmuriimpossible無理な注文(むりなちゅうもん)- impossible request
盛んさかんsakanpopular, prosperous盛んなスポーツ(さかんなスポーツ)- popular sport
親切しんせつshinsetsukind親切な人(しんせつなひと)- kind person
たいていtaiteiusuallyたいていな日(たいていなひ)- usual day
楽しみたのしみtanoshimilooking forward to楽しみな旅行(たのしみなりょこう)- trip to look forward to
丁寧ていねいteineipolite丁寧な言葉(ていねいなことば)- polite words
適当てきとうtekitousuitable適当な服(てきとうなふく)- suitable clothes
特別とくべつtokubetsuspecial特別な日(とくべつなひ)- special day
残念ざんねんzannenregrettable残念なニュース(ざんねんなニュース)- regrettable news
きれいkireibeautiful, cleanきれいな花(きれいなはな)- beautiful flower
有名ゆうめいyuumeifamous有名な人(ゆうめいなひと)- famous person
好きすきsukilike好きな食べ物(すきなたべもの)- favorite food
嫌いきらいkiraidislike嫌いな食べ物(きらいなたべもの)- disliked food
大好きだいすきdaisukilove very much大好きな歌(だいすきなうた)- beloved song
いやiyaunpleasantいやな気持ち(いやなきもち)- unpleasant feeling
上手じょうずjouzuskillful上手な料理(じょうずなりょうり)- skillful cooking
下手へたhetaunskillful下手な絵(へたなえ)- poor drawing
便利べんりbenriconvenient便利な店(べんりなみせ)- convenient store
静かしずかshizukaquiet静かな部屋(しずかなへや)- quiet room
賑やかにぎやかnigiyakalively賑やかな祭り(にぎやかなまつり)- lively festival
らくrakueasy, comfortable楽な仕事(らくなしごと)- easy job
大変たいへんtaihenhard, terrible大変な仕事(たいへんなしごと)- difficult job
失礼しつれいshitsureirude失礼な態度(しつれいなたいど)- rude attitude
大丈夫だいじょうぶdaijoubuokay, fine大丈夫な状態(だいじょうぶなじょうたい)- okay condition
駄目だめdameno good駄目な計画(だめなけいかく)- bad plan
ひまhimafree time暇な時間(ひまなじかん)- free time
元気げんきgenkihealthy, energetic元気な子供(げんきなこども)- energetic child
いろいろiroirovariousいろいろな色(いろいろないろ)- various colors
丈夫じょうぶjoubustrong, durable丈夫な靴(じょうぶなくつ)- durable shoes
真面目まじめmajimeserious真面目な学生(まじめながくせい)- serious student
熱心ねっしんnesshinenthusiastic熱心な先生(ねっしんなせんせい)- enthusiastic teacher
真っ直ぐまっすぐmassugustraight真っ直ぐな道(まっすぐなみち)- straight road
必要ひつようhitsuyounecessary必要な物(ひつようなもの)- necessary thing
立派りっぱrippaexcellent, splendid立派な建物(りっぱなたてもの)- splendid building
大切たいせつtaisetsuimportant, precious大切な友達(たいせつなともだち)- precious friend
結構けっこうkekkoufine, enough結構な料理(けっこうなりょうり)- fine cooking
大勢おおぜいoozeimany people大勢な人(おおぜいなひと)- many people
心配しんぱいshinpaiworry心配な気持ち(しんぱいなきもち)- worried feeling

What are the best books to prepare JLPT N4 adjectives?

The best books to prepare JLPT N4 adjectives focus specifically on vocabulary building with practice exercises. Here are three excellent options to consider.

  • Nihongo Challenge Kotoba (Vocabulary) N4 focuses on real-world situations with abundant illustrations and JLPT-format practice tests, perfect for learners who want practical vocabulary they can immediately use in daily conversations.

Japanese Vocabulary for JLPT N4 offers digital convenience as an ebook format, suited for busy students who need flexible, on-the-go study access across multiple devices.

For complete JLPT N4 preparation beyond just adjectives, see our comprehensive guide to the best JLPT N4 textbooks covering grammar, reading, and listening skills too. 

Others tips to improve your JLPT N4 adjective practice​

A few smart additions to your study routine can significantly boost your JLPT N4 adjective learning.

For example, actively using Anki decks can help you. The JLPT N4 Vocabulary Deck with Audio delivers solid spaced repetition practice with native speaker recordings, while the Ultimate JLPT N4 Vocabulary Deck stays current with recent test patterns.

For people who need guidance and find limits in self-study, following Nihongo Online School’s JLPT preparation course can help you with JLPT N4 adjective practice and prepare you for the exam faster. Software engineer Bon-san’s journey illustrates this well: starting from basic greetings, he reached N4 proficiency in six months through our structured approach. The complete case study reveals how our instruction accelerates progress beyond self-study alone.