[Types of verb & Forms of verb]-Lesson 1 the rules of making Basic sentence withますform

2023/09/19

Lesson 1 ますform

The ます-form is also called “ていねいけい(the polite form)”. It is most widely used in various situations.
There are only two tenses: past tense and non-past tense. 

In order to change the dictionary form of a verb into the proper ます-form, the following conjugation rules must be applied:

■Group①verbs end in “u”. →when it change to ますform, “u” change to “i”

sample:よむ=yomu(to read)→u change to i =yomi +ます(masu)

よむ=yomu(to read)、かく=kaku(to write)、あそぶ=asobu(to play)、およぐ=oyogu(to swim)、あう=au(to meet)、あらう=arau(to wash)、おくる=okuru(to send)、おわる=owaru(to finish)、かつ=katsu(to win)、すわる=suwaru(to seat)・・・

→change to よみます=yomimasu、かきます=kakimasu、あそびます=asobimasu、あいます=aimasu、あらいます=araimasu、おくります=okurimasu、おわります=owarimasu、かちます=kachimasu、すわります=suwarimasu・・・

■Group②verbs end in “eru” or “iru“. →ex: when it change to ますform, “taberu” change to “tabe+masu”. in case of, end in “iru”, “hashiru”change to “hashiri+masu. “u”→replace “i”

・end in “eru”: たべる=taberu(to eat)、おぼえる=oboeru(to memorize)、かんがえる=kangaeru(to think)、でる(to go out)、ねる=neru(to sleep)→change to　たべます=tabemasu、おぼえます=oboemasu、かんがえます=kangaemasu、でます=demasu、ねます=nemasu

・end in “iru”: はしる=hashiru(to run)、はいる=hairu(to enter)、きる=kiru(to cut)→change to　はしります=hashirimasu、はいります=hairimasu、きります=kirimasu

■Group③する、くる

end in “する=suru(to do)、くる=kuru(to comr)”　　◯◯する、くる→change to　◯◯します=shimasu、きます=kimasu

Let’s practice. change to ますform!